Nanotechnology is a study, which deals with the development and manipulation of matter, materials, and structures that are sized between 1 to 100 nanometers. One nanometer is equal to one billionth of a meter. Though nanotechnology can be considered as recent technological advancement, the groundwork for this technology was formulated and conceptualized in the early 1980s. In simple terms, a comparative size of a nanometer to a meter is the same as that of a marble when compared to the size of the earth.
The groundwork laid for nanotechnology was further enhanced by the invention of scanning tunneling microscope in 1981 and the discovery of fullerenes in 1985. The invention of the scanning tunneling microscope really triggered the study of nanotechnology. The scanning tunneling microscope enables the viewing of imaging surfaces at the atomic level at a good resolution of 0.1 nanometer and a 0.01 nanometer depth resolutions. At these resolutions, scientists were able to view individual atoms within materials and manipulate them. Another invention which aided the development of nanotechnology was the birth of cluster science and the invention of fullerenes. Fullerenes are molecules composed entirely of carbon, in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid or